With summer just around the bend, we will soon be soaking in a mega dose of vitamin sunshine. So, this post has got you covered in a shield. Whether you call it sunblock, sunscreen, or sun cream, it doesn’t matter. What matters is that you wear sunblock to stay sun-safe and keep your skin healthy. That said, I will go into why we all need vitamin sunshine, how much sun exposure we need, and why it is essential to shield ourselves with sunblock. I will also discuss the different types, the importance of reapplication, factors to consider when choosing a product, and expiration dates. Finally, GFL will provide a list of reputable sunblock brands and clothing and accessories with sunblock incorporated. Get sunshine ready with GFL!

Vitamin Sunshine

The sun is the best source of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various bodily functions, such as promoting calcium absorption, supporting muscle function and bone density, and promoting mental well-being to prevent anxiety and depression. Our bodies utilize the sun’s UVB rays to activate the liver and kidneys to promote vitamin D synthesis.

Understanding your vitamin D levels

The Skin Cancer Foundation breaks down the levels on your blood lab report as follows:

• Below 30: Deficient. Speak to your doctor about supplements.
• 30-50: Generally inadequate for bone and overall health.
• 50 and above: Adequate (but should refrain from getting more).
• 125 and above: Too high (may have adverse side effects).

Difference between UVA and UVB rays

UVA and UVB rays have different effects on our skin. UVA rays account for the majority of solar energy we are exposed to, about 95% of it. UVA rays have less intense energy but longer wavelengths that penetrate deeper into our skin. It’s important to note that UVA rays can also pass through window glass, causing an immediate tanning effect even when sitting indoors or in a car. On the other hand, UVB rays have higher energy levels and shorter wavelengths that primarily penetrate the top layer of the skin. 

Prolonged exposure to UVA and UVB rays may damage our skin cell DNA, cause sunburn, sun blisters, premature aging, and increase the risk of developing skin cancer. 

How much sun exposure is needed to get optimal vitamin D?

Several factors come into play when it comes to getting optimal vitamin D production from sunlight. One crucial factor is the time of day. UVB rays are the most intense at noon, and the amount of UVB absorption can vary based on individual factors, location, and environmental conditions. For example, individuals with lighter skin may need approximately 15 minutes of sun exposure at noon, while those with darker skin may require anywhere from 30 minutes to 3 hours to produce sufficient vitamin D. 

A research study conducted during spring and summer in Valencia, Spain (which shares the same distance to the equator as Kansas City, Missouri) found that 8-10 minutes of sun exposure at noon was sufficient to meet the recommended vitamin D levels. In Miami, during the summer, only 3 minutes of noon sun exposure was enough to produce the necessary amount of vitamin D. However, during winter months in Valencia, nearly 2 hours of sun exposure was required to achieve the same level of vitamin D synthesis. 

Additionally, in areas with high levels of smog and air pollution, these pollutants can absorb the UVB rays, potentially necessitating individuals to spend more time in the sun to allow their skin to get adequate UVB exposure for vitamin D synthesis. 

It’s also worth noting that UVB rays are most powerful in areas of high altitude because they have less distance to travel. For example, a person with a medium complexion with unprotected skin would burn after only 6 minutes in the sun at noon in Vail, Colorado, while that same individual would get a sunburn after 25 minutes of noontime exposure in New York. 

The Effect of Sunblock on Vitamin D

It is crucial to find a balance between protecting the skin from the sun’s harmful UV rays and maintaining adequate vitamin D levels for overall health. The Skin Cancer Foundation emphasizes the importance of sun protection, as even just a short 10-15 minutes of unprotected sun exposure can cause DNA damage that accumulates over a lifetime and increases the risk of skin cancer. 

While older experimental studies have theorized that sunblock may affect vitamin D levels, more recent field and observational studies suggest that the risk is low. In fact, no clinical study has ever found that everyday use of sunblock leads to vitamin D deficiency. So, it is essential for everyone (except infants) to use sunblock to reduce the risk of sunburn, premature aging, and skin cancer. Sunblock creates a barrier between your skin and the harmful UV rays and should be part of our daily routine to maintain healthy and youthful skin. 

Considerations When Choosing a Sunblock

There are plenty of sunblock to choose from. To make your decision-making process easier, GFL has got you covered. Here are a few considerations to help you find the right sunblock for your needs.

Sunblock Ingredients

Let’s investigate sunblock ingredients and their actions on the skin. Sunscreens may contain either titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, which create a protective barrier on the skin. These minerals reflect and scatter UV rays preventing them from penetrating your skin’s layers. Traditionally, titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are both opaque white and chalky minerals, but with the advances of new formulations, these thick substances are scaled down to small particles that are less noticeable on the skin and not absorbed by the skin itself. Reviews suggest that zinc oxide is superior to titanium dioxide for broad-spectrum coverage. 

In addition, other ingredients, including avobenzone, octinoxate, octisalate, and oxybenzone, absorb UV rays and convert them into less harmful forms of energy, such as heat. This chemical action helps to minimize the potential damage of UV radiation.

Sunblock may also contain inactive ingredients like moisturizers, antioxidants, and botanical extracts to provide additional benefits such as hydration, free radical protection, or soothing properties. 

To ensure your safety, it is essential to read the product’s label before using it, especially if you have sensitivities or allergies to certain ingredients. This can help you choose the best product that suits you. 

Remember to check with your dermatologist or healthcare provider for personalized recommendations based on your medical history.

Sunblock Formulations

Sunblock comes in lotions, creams, gels, sticks, and sprays. Your selection may be a personal preference of texture or depending on the area of the body where it is applied. The chart below provides a quick reference.

Type	Recommended for
Creams and Lotions	Best for dry skin and the face
Gels	Ideal for hairy body areas (scalp, male chest)
Sprays	Easy to apply on children (should not be directly applied to the face)
Sticks, Lip Balm Sticks	Perfect for face, lips, and body
Specific formulas	Good for sensitive skin and babies, acne-prone skin, darker skin

SPF

You will notice that a bottle of sunblock has an SPF (Sun Protection Factor) rating, which indicates its level of protection against UVB rays. However, some products go beyond that and earn the designation of Broad-Spectrum [SPF], meaning they also meet the requirements of providing UVA protection. Thus, a Broad-Spectrum sunscreen offers protection against UVA and UVB rays. 

The higher the SPF value, the greater the protection against sunburn. It is important to note that SPF measures the quantity of UV radiation, not the duration of exposure, as the intensity of solar energy varies throughout the day. For example, the sun’s energy is most intense in midday compared to early morning or late evening. To guide you in making informed choices, the FDA suggests choosing a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15. However, individuals with fair skin should opt for a higher SPF of 30-50. The American Academy of Dermatology Association recommends an SPF of at least 30, which blocks about 97% of the sun’s UVB rays. This means that if you apply an SPF 30, you can stay in the sun 30 times longer without getting burned compared to not using any sun protection.  

Water-proof or sweat-resistant sunblock

When engaging in activities involving water or excessive sweating, wearing a sunblock specifically designed to be waterproof or sweat resistant is crucial. These products are formulated to stay on the skin for a specified duration, even when exposed to water or sweat. They typically offer 40 minutes to 80 minutes of water resistance. It is recommended to choose one with a minimum of SPF 30 for optimal protection and reapply it as needed.

Expiration Date on Sunblock Label

It is necessary to pay attention to the expiration dates of sunblock products. The FDA regulates sunscreens to have a clearly labeled expiration date, and these products are expected to remain stable for at least 3 years. Using sunblock that has expired can compromise its effectiveness in providing protection. Please refrain from using products past the expiration date to ensure they will give you the necessary protection against harmful UV rays.  

Sun-protective apparel

Sun-protective apparel and accessories used in coordination with sunblock are a sure bet if you are going to spend a great deal of time outdoors.

Examples include hats, shirts, pants, shorts, swimwear, neck gaiters and scarves, arm sleeves, umbrellas, and sunglasses. Look for the UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) label, which indicates how much UVA and UVB the fabric allows to reach the skin. The Skin Cancer Foundation highly recommends a UPF of 50, meaning that the fabric blocks 98% of the UV radiation. However, to meet the Skin Cancer Foundation’s seal of approval, a fabric must be at least UPF 30. A UPF between 30-49 offers very good protection. According to a Cleveland Clinic expert, the UPF protection will diminish after each wash, and the garment label will list how many washes the UPF rating is good for. However, expecting the apparel to last 2-3 years is reasonable.

And when choosing sunglasses, look for a pair that offers the highest level of UV protection that is clearly labeled 100% protection against UVA and UVB rays or UV 400.

Application and Reapplication of sunblock

The proper application of sunblock provides optimal protection. Generously apply sunblock to all exposed areas of your skin, including the neglected areas like the ears, neck, hands, and feet. Apply at least 15-30 minutes before stepping out into the sun to allow it to absorb into the skin thoroughly.

When spending an extended period outdoors, it is crucial to reapply every 2 hours, regardless of SPF value. This helps maintain consistent protection as the effectiveness of sunblock can diminish over time. Additionally, after swimming or excessive sweating, be sure to reapply immediately, as water and sweat can reduce the sunscreen’s effectiveness.

Lastly, don’t forget to apply and reapply lip balm with sunscreen to protect your lips from the sun’s harmful rays.

Shield with Sunblock Check out these GFL Recommendations

Ultimately, the best sunblock for you depends on your individual preference, skin type, and specific skincare needs. However, I recommend following the guidelines provided by the American Academy of Dermatology Association, which suggests choosing a broad-spectrum sunblock with an SPF of 30 or higher that is also water-resistant.

Here are some products that I have used and am delighted to recommend.

Tinted Sunblock for the Face

• EltaMD UV Clear Tinted Broad-Spectrum SPF 46 is formulated with zinc oxide, octinoxate, vitamins B3 and E, and hyaluronic and lactic acid ingredients that promote the appearance of healthy-looking skin. It has a sheer tint for a natural-looking coverage that evens out the skin tone. Its application feels lightweight and silky. It is recommended for skin types: hyperpigmentation, rosacea, and acne-prone. Price $43

• La Roche-Posay Anthelios Mineral Tinted Ultra-Light Fluid Broad Spectrum SPF 50 Water-resistant (40 minutes) has a subtle tint that helps even out skin tone. The active ingredient is titanium dioxide, combined with antioxidants and vitamin E, to protect the skin from damaging free radicals. It is lightweight with a matte finish. It is recommended for all skin types and is suitable for sensitive skin. Price $38

• Dr. Jart + Premium Beauty Balm SPF 40 is like a creamy foundation you can wear alone. Its active ingredient is octinoxate, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide. Vitamin B3, glycerine, and essential oils are added to promote healthy, hydrated skin. It is best for dry skin with uneven skin tone. It comes in a range of shades, from sheer to medium. Price $ 44

Body Sunblock

Supergoop! Play Broad Spectrum SPF 50 Lotion for Face and Body. It is sweat and water-resistant (80 minutes). Its active ingredients are avobenzone, homosalate, octisalate, and octocrylene. It smells beautiful with the scents of essential oils such as eucalyptus, basil, and citrus. Price $34

• CeraVe Hydrating Mineral Sunscreen Broad Spectrum SPF 50 is ideal for sensitive skin. The Skin Cancer Foundation and National Eczema Association recommend it. It contains both zinc oxide and titanium dioxide with ceramides and hyaluronic acid. This sunblock provides both sun protection and hydration. Initially, it tends to leave a white cast from the mineral, but if applied in thin layers, it dries without the white cast.  Price $18

• Aveeno Protect + Hydrate Sunscreen Broad Spectrum Body Lotion SPF 60 feels light on the skin. It nourishes dry skin due to its prebiotic triple oat complex extract.This product is sweat and water resistant (80 minutes). It is suitable for normal to dry skin for everyday use. Price $47

Lip Balm with Sunblock

• Kiehl’s Butterstick Lip Treatment Broad Spectrum SPF 30 hydrates and refreshes with coconut oil and almond butter. Price $15

Coola Mineral Liplux Organic Tinted Lip Balm SPF 30 is water resistant (80 minutes) and moisturizes and smoothes dry, chapped lips. Price $12

Sun-Protective Apparel Brands

• Patagonia offers a great selection of UPF-rated sun-protective clothing.
• Coolibar has a wide range of stylish sun-protective clothing and accessories for men, women, and children.

Takeaway

We all want to enjoy as much vitamin sunshine as possible and have youthful, vibrant, healthy skin. So, it is crucial to strike a balance to obtain sufficient sun exposure to meet our vitamin D needs. So, shield with sunblock and sun-protective apparel and accessories to protect the skin from the sun’s harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) rays. Make applying and reapplying sunblock a habit to do every day. Remember to consult a healthcare professional for a personalized recommendation based on your skin type, medical history, and individual needs. Stay sun-safe and enjoy a wonderful summer ahead!